Is Man Naturally Evil Essay Example for Free

Is Man Naturally Evil Essay Hsà ¼n Tzu says that man’s nature is naturally evil. Hsà ¼n Tzu wrote Man’s Nature is Evil in the year 300 BCE. Tzu thought that man’s nature is naturally evil and needs to be taught by a teacher to overcome this. He Mencius has not completely understood what man’s nature really is. Tzu also believes that if a man lacks something in himself that they go to look for whatever they lack in someone else. The last thing he talks about is how to differentiate between good and evil. Hsà ¼n Tzu’s belief that man’s nature is naturally evil is partially true, he does not believe in Mencius’s view whatsoever, Tzu believes that man looks for those attributes that he does not have in other people, and he also expresses the difference between good and evil. Tzu’s reasons apply to people in current day life because when people are born they do not know right from wrong, and I believe he is right when he says people look for attributes they lack themselves in others around them. Man’s nature is naturally evil according to Hsà ¼n Tzu; therefore man needs a teacher to guide him towards what is good. Tzu states in his writing, â€Å"A warped piece of wood must wait until it has been laid against the straightening board, steamed, and forced into shape before it can become straight; a piece of blunt metal must wait until it has been whetted on a grindstone before it can become sharp (pg. 101).† When Mencius is talking about this quote it means that a person does not start their life being the perfect human being. Everyone needs a teacher, leader, or mentor to show him or her the right and good way of doing things. When a person grows up without having some to look over them and guide them in the right direction they may start to go into the wrong direction. People need that mentor there to help them when they do not know what the right thing to may be. Then Hsà ¼n Tzu says, â€Å"Hence, today any man who takes to heart the instructions of his teacher, applies himself to his studies, and abides by ritual principles may become a gentleman, but anyone who gives free rein to his emotional nature, is content to indulge his passions, and disregards ritual principles becomes a petty man (pg. 101).† This statement by Tzu means that every man should listen to every word that his or her mentor gives them and never forget them. These words of advice that a person’s teacher gives them are going to help them achieve all of their goals for the rest of their lives. These wise  words from the mentors will make a man become good for the rest of their life. Hsà ¼n Tzu also states that if a man does not listen to the words of their mentor they will never be able to know what being good feels like. These people will live their entire lives going towards evil and will never be able to change it without the help of a mentor. I agree with Tzu on this topic because if it was not for our teachers and mentors people would be causing trouble all of the time. Hsà ¼n Tzu does not agree with Mencius’s thought on this subject matter. Tzu states that, â€Å"Mencius states that man is capable of learning because his nature is good, but I say that is wrong. It indicates that he has not really understood man’s nature nor distinguished between the basic nature and conscious activity (pg. 101).† Tzu explains basic nature as something that is just given to you by heaven when you are born. On the other hand, conscious activity is the things that are taught to people and that they learn from their mentors. The way Hsà ¼n Tzu explains basic nature and conscious activity is, â€Å"That part of man which cannot be learned or acquired by effort is called the nature; that part of him which can be acquired by learning and brought to completion by effort is called activity. This is the difference between nature and conscious activity (pg. 101).† Hsà ¼n Tzu speaks about how man does not have every quality, but he will strive to get as many qualities as he can no matter what the circumstances are. Tzu makes a statement that says, â€Å"A man whose accomplishments are meager longs for greatness; an ugly man longs for beauty; a man in cramped quarters longs for greatness; a poor man longs for wealth; a humble man longs for eminence. Whatever a man lacks in himself he will seek outside. But if a man is already rich, he will not long for wealth, and if he is already eminent, he will not long for greater power. What a man already possesses himself he will not bother to look for outside (pg. 103).† When Hsà ¼n Tzu says this he means that when someone does not have a quality that they want or may need they go and try to take that quality they are seeking from another person. I believe this happens because people are insecure about themselves and need to take things from others to make themselves feel good about themselves. Tzu the says, â€Å"Hence, man in the state in which he is born neither possesses nor understands ritual principles. If he does not  possess ritual principles, his behavior will be chaotic, and if he does not understand them, he will be wild and irresponsible. In fact, therefore, man in the state in which he is born possesses this tendency towards chaos and irresponsibility (pg. 103).† This is showing that Tzu thinks when a person is born they do not yet understand what ritual principles are and they believe they can do anything they want to do. Hsà ¼n Tzu then follows this by saying, â€Å"From this it is obvious, then, that man’s nature is evil, and that his goodness is the result of conscious activity (pg. 103).† I completely agree with Tzu’s theory on this concept because I believe this is the reason why some people feel the need to bully others. Hsà ¼n Tzu then talks about the distinction between good and evil. Tzu says, â€Å"All men in the world, past and present, agree in defining goodness as that which is upright, reasonable, and orderly, and evil as that which is prejudiced, irresponsible, and chaotic (pg.103).† Hsà ¼n defines the difference between being good and being evil. The way to be good in Tzu’s head is be accepting of other thoughts even if they do not make complete sense. I believe Tzu means that to be good people need to give everyone a chance no matter what their thoughts are. Tzu then goes on to talk about being evil. I believe that from what Tzu says being evil is judging a person by how he or she looks. Another way of being evil that I got out of this is that if someone does something wrong they try to go and blame it on someone else. Another thing that Hsà ¼n Tzu says is, â€Å"Therefore, in ancient times the sages, realizing that man’s nature is evil, that it is prejudiced and not upright, irresponsible and lacking in order, for this reason established the authority of the ruler to control it, elucidated ritual principles to transform it, set up laws and standards to correct it, and meted out strict punishments to restrain it (pg. 104).† This is a great statement mad by Tzu because it explains that without people leading us we would resort to doing all things evil. The sages knew that man’s nature was evil so they set up laws and rulers to restrict people from being evil and making them resort to being good. In my own life I had to be taught the difference between good and evil. I was born not knowing the difference between the two. My parents were a huge part of teaching me the difference between being good and not being evil. They were they to tell me when I was doing something wrong. After they told me that I did something wrong they would always try and help me correct it to the best of their ability. I also had all of my teachers growing up there to teach me things about being good that my parents did not teach me. I also had positive role models to look up to and hope to achieve what they did when I was growing up. I always wanted to be like Derek Jeter when I was growing up as a kid. He was my biggest inspiration out of any famous sports star. He was just a regular kid like me, and with the help of his parents, teachers, and role models he got to where he is today. Now he is a role model and inspiration for children all over the world. I believe that Hsà ¼n Tzu’s theory that what a man does not have in himself in looks for in others is a very true theory. I believe this has a lot to do with bullying. When a person bullies another human being I would say it is because they are insecure about themselves. The bullying of another helps that person feel more complete and better about him or herself. This is also another reason why we need teachers; they help us avoid doing this type of thing. Teachers are always going to be there to tell a person to stop doing something like this and correct them. In conclusion, I completely agree with Hsà ¼n Tzu’s ideas. Man’s nature is evil when he or she is born, and when the person is growing up they learn what is good through their parents, teachers, and mentors. Tzu talks about how Mencius does not fully understand what man’s nature is, and I agree with Hsà ¼n Tzu. I love Tzu’s idea of how if a man lacks a quality in himself he will go out and look for that quality in someone else. I agree with how Hsà ¼n Tzu defines the difference between good and evil. I was able to relate his theory of man being born with an evil nature by saying how my parents, teachers, and role models taught me what is right from wrong. I also see, in real life, people are always trying to get attributes that they lack themselves from other people around them. I believe that Hsà ¼n Tzu is a very intelligent man and I agree with his theories on human nature.

The Deductive Problem of Evil Essays -- Philosophy essays

The Deductive Problem of Evil      Ã‚   One of the major philosophical debates concerning God's existence involves the problem of evil.   The problem has two basic formulations, one is deductive, the other inductive.   The deductive form of the problem asks the following:   Is the existence of evil logically compatible with a necessarily benevolent and necessarily omnipotent being?   One of the philosophers who discusses the problem is Richard Gale.   I will begin this essay by outlining the deductive problem of evil according to Gale.   I will then try to refute the deductive argument and prove that the existence of evil is indeed logically compatible with a benevolent and omnipotent being.   A conclusion will then follow. The deductive argument has been around since the time of Epicurus.1  Ã‚   In its simplest form, the problem is stated as follows: 1. God is omnipotent 2. God is wholly good 3. Evil exists Proponents of the argument believe the set of propositions is logically inconsistent, i.e. that at least one proposition must be false.   This basic formulation is problematic.   It presupposes two important things:   First, that God and evil are logically incompatible; and second, that God's omnipotence is unlimited.   It is obvious, then, that some additional premises are needed if the argument is to succeed.   W.L. Mackie was one of the first philosophers to provide these additional premises.2   He adds the following premises to the set: 4. A wholly good (omni-benevolent) being eliminates and prevents every evil he can.3 5. There are no limits to what an omnipotent being can do. With the insertion of these revised principles, Mackie hopes to deduce a contradiction, namely that evil does not exist (from 1,... ...Ibid.   P. 103 8 Some philosophers have referred to this idea as the Condition of Reasonable Epistemic Access (COREA) Works Consulted: Christlieb, Terry. "Which Theisms Face an Evidential Problem of Evil?" Faith and Philosophy 9 (January 1992): 45-64. Griffin, David. Evil Revisited: Responses and Reconsiderations. Albany: SUNY Press, 1991. -  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   - -. God, Power and Evil: A Process Theodicy. Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 1976. Plantinga, Alvin. "Epistemic Probability and Evil." Archivio di Filosophia 56 (1988). - - -. "The Probabilistic Argument from Evil." Philosophical Studies 35 (January 1979): 1-53. Reichenbach, Bruce. "Natural Evils and Natural Laws: A Theodicy for Natural Evils." International Philosophical Quarterly 16 (June, 1976): 179-88. Rowe, William L. "Ruminations About Evil," Philosophical Perspectives 5 (1991). The Deductive Problem of Evil Essays -- Philosophy essays The Deductive Problem of Evil      Ã‚   One of the major philosophical debates concerning God's existence involves the problem of evil.   The problem has two basic formulations, one is deductive, the other inductive.   The deductive form of the problem asks the following:   Is the existence of evil logically compatible with a necessarily benevolent and necessarily omnipotent being?   One of the philosophers who discusses the problem is Richard Gale.   I will begin this essay by outlining the deductive problem of evil according to Gale.   I will then try to refute the deductive argument and prove that the existence of evil is indeed logically compatible with a benevolent and omnipotent being.   A conclusion will then follow. The deductive argument has been around since the time of Epicurus.1  Ã‚   In its simplest form, the problem is stated as follows: 1. God is omnipotent 2. God is wholly good 3. Evil exists Proponents of the argument believe the set of propositions is logically inconsistent, i.e. that at least one proposition must be false.   This basic formulation is problematic.   It presupposes two important things:   First, that God and evil are logically incompatible; and second, that God's omnipotence is unlimited.   It is obvious, then, that some additional premises are needed if the argument is to succeed.   W.L. Mackie was one of the first philosophers to provide these additional premises.2   He adds the following premises to the set: 4. A wholly good (omni-benevolent) being eliminates and prevents every evil he can.3 5. There are no limits to what an omnipotent being can do. With the insertion of these revised principles, Mackie hopes to deduce a contradiction, namely that evil does not exist (from 1,... ...Ibid.   P. 103 8 Some philosophers have referred to this idea as the Condition of Reasonable Epistemic Access (COREA) Works Consulted: Christlieb, Terry. "Which Theisms Face an Evidential Problem of Evil?" Faith and Philosophy 9 (January 1992): 45-64. Griffin, David. Evil Revisited: Responses and Reconsiderations. Albany: SUNY Press, 1991. -  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   - -. God, Power and Evil: A Process Theodicy. Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 1976. Plantinga, Alvin. "Epistemic Probability and Evil." Archivio di Filosophia 56 (1988). - - -. "The Probabilistic Argument from Evil." Philosophical Studies 35 (January 1979): 1-53. Reichenbach, Bruce. "Natural Evils and Natural Laws: A Theodicy for Natural Evils." International Philosophical Quarterly 16 (June, 1976): 179-88. Rowe, William L. "Ruminations About Evil," Philosophical Perspectives 5 (1991).

Marks of Maturity Essay

As a participant within my focus group, my teachings should assist each of them in†¦ The capability of identifying the relationship between Jesus and the Law, by Applying their hermeneutic skills to accurately interpret Scriptures through critical thinking. Gaining competence for themselves in giving a defense for why Christ is the Messiah, by Understanding the Great Commission, the Covenants of God, and God’s purpose for sending Christ. Making a decision for Christ if not yet saved, or confirming reasons for their faith, by Taking them to what the Word says about what is asked of a disciple of Christ, and what is needed of a follower to be saved. Be proficient in identifying the fundamentals of the Christian faith, by Demonstrating the capacity to complete the aptitude test administered upon completion of the given material for this lesson. Wielding the talents to employ these lessons to anyone they know like family and friends, by Sharing the information in the handouts given during the lesson with loved ones, confess their faith (NEW BELIEVER’S ) and or understanding why it’s important (EVERYONE), and committing to fulfill the Great Commission once understood, in the community. Upon the successful completion of this course of study, a student could be expected to make a decision for Christ if they had not already done so. Having already done so however, a student could be expected to reaffirm their decision for a life with Christ. Each student will be given the essentials necessary to critically analyze and interpret such faith based principles such as the Covenants with God, the promise of Christ, the Great Commission, and the means to Discipleship. Upon understanding of these elements one could build a practicum within a small group to present to the rest of the class on what five things they would emphasize in witnessing to a family member or friend. I would ask that everyone submit a name to me of someone they knew that was lost spiritually, and that they could honestly see themselves having a conversation based on the practicum they submitted before presenting. Once the lesson is given, and the groups share their presentation the groups would be split up in groups of two. These groups would then use the practicum to go before one person for each two man group equally distributed according to their skill sets and witness to the one lost person of my choice. Explaining each of the lesson fundamentals with this person a summary should be written of what was discussed, and the reactions for this lost person. This summary should be brief to not fill more than five minutes but exhaustive enough to give details. Discussing the outcome would be beneficial for the class so that if a similar situation arrived for them they would have a general idea how to minister the situation. Once the findings are summarized a brief review of the lesson will be administered where the class will be allowed to answer the review questions aloud. As I look around the room, distinguishing the question to just one student will sometimes be needed based on my observations in the  last two sessions with them. From here a modest test based on the expectations and proof model will be given, no more than 15 questions. From there we will trade papers with a different partner and grade the papers discretely. I will walk around the room to ensure no one missed a large amount of questions, and if so follow-up with those individuals. My email will be given at closing to provide assistance on anything relative to discipling later, and regarding the lesson challenge, I will give each individual according to the level I observed them a challenge to email me that will pertain to the lessons I have given and applying them in the world.

Alcohol and the Workplace - 3095 Words

Alcohol and the Workplace Bobby Herron SOC402 Contemporary Social Problems amp; the Workplace Kathryn Looney February 6, 2011 Alcohol and the Workplace People have a long love affair with alcohol. However, with all love affairs, sometimes thing take a wrong turn. Many people are dependent on alcohol, which can in turn lead to problems in their life. When a person’s alcohol use affects the workplace it becomes a major problem. Besides the health issues to the individual, alcohol use, and abuse, negatively affects workplace safety and productivity, plus it increases medical costs. Oddly enough though, the social aspects of the workplace often can and do contribute to the use and abuse of alcohol. Further, unhappiness with work and†¦show more content†¦2). Many people do not truly get to know their co-workers while at work but having drinks with them after work is where they truly begin to bond and build team loyalty. If you do not care to socialize by drinking after work, or at the very least join with the group, then you can feel left out. Sometimes even the boss joins in, either during or after work. Zakian also reported the story of an interviewed survey participant whose first day on the job resulted in her going to lunch with her new boss and him drinking four pints of alcohol (Zakian, 2003, p. 2). Between the after work socialization and lunchtime alcohol consumption you may feel compelled to become a drinker if you are currently not. Further, if you are a drinker this could lead to alcohol abuse and interfere with your performance in the workplace, thus leading to less productivity. Not socializing in these situations could leave you ostracized by your boss and co-workers causing you to miss out on opportunities. Work itself can cause a person to drink heavily, which in turn can affect the workplace as discussed above. Lauer amp; Lauer reported â€Å"feelings of alienation or high levels of job dissatisfaction may lead to heavy drinking in an effort to cope† (2011, p. 301). It is ironic that both socializi ng and alienating yourself from your co-workers can cause someone to drink heavily.Show MoreRelatedDrug And Alcohol Testing On The Workplace1663 Words   |  7 PagesDrug and Alcohol Testing in the Workplace Due: Monday Dec 1, 2014 COMM-220-F Rebecca Walsh By Brett Tate and Brandon Bracko November 17, 14 Introduction People often question drug and alcohol testing in the work place. It is a controversial subject that has a range of mixed emotions. But where do you draw the line when it comes to crossing the boundaries of prying into one’s personal life? This report will explain the legal, and ethical issues surrounding the topic of drug and alcohol testing inRead MoreEssay about Drugs and Alcohol in the Workplace1790 Words   |  8 PagesUse of Drugs and Alcohol in the Workplace {draw:frame} {draw:frame} Figure 2 79% of binge drinkers are members of the workforce (Drug-Free Workplace) {draw:frame} {draw:frame} Drug and/or Alcohol Use Seriously Threatens Organizations {draw:frame} Excessive absenteeism, which holds a significantly percentage of occurrences of drug users as cited above, costs an organization lower productivity, damaged moral and consequently lower product quality. The US Dept of Labor reportsRead MoreIntroduction Of Drugs And Alcohol Essay1392 Words   |  6 PagesDrugs and Alcohol 2 Overview 2 I. Workplace Factors 3 II. Workplace Performance Behavior 4 III. 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The company must make sure the implementation of the test is done in a uniform manner. C. Some employees may bring law suits against the employerRead MoreWorking Under The Influence Case Study796 Words   |  4 Pages2001 Working Under the Influence Ashley Garcia Polk State College WORKING UNDER THE INFLUENCE Being under the influence can be a result of many different things, such as drinking alcohol or taking drugs. While doing such things can be fine when an employee is at home, these substances have no business in the workplace. Being under the influence at work can cause accidents, less production, tardiness or absenteeism, poor decision making, theft, and much more (â€Å"Drugs†, 2015). Employers can combatRead MoreEssay about The Duke Substance Program1051 Words   |  5 Pageshospital with some of the best graduate programs. Now, Dukes name has been moving up on prestigious lists. The university, hospitals and clinics across North Carolina, employs more than 30,000 faculty and staff. 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The intent of the bill was to establish the foundation of a drug-free workplace in the areas that the federal government could affect outside the federal government; i.e., the workplaces of federal grantees and contractors. The Drug-Free Workplace Act of 1988 does not mention drug testing at all. However, many companies have made drug testing a requirement. Th e Drug-Free Workplace Act of 1988 has 7 compliance requirements

Sex Trafficking A Serious Crime And A Grave Violation Of...

Human trafficking is â€Å"a serious crime and a grave violation of human rights† according to the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (What is Human Trafficking - UNODC). Sex trafficking is also recognized as the sexual exploitation of human rights, especially those of women and children (UNODC). Sex trafficking and sex work are major issues within feminist debates with differing opinions. Due to its underground and discreet nature, it is difficult to determine how prevalent it is and what different approaches are needed to address it (Kempadoo 143). This paper observes sex trafficking in the Nigerian society and in the global world. Analyzing the different factors responsible for sex trafficking that arise from an interaction between Nigeria and the global community. Also, it would review the victim narrative that stem from these debates on sex trafficking and sex work. Thesis:..... Growing up in Nigeria, I was not exposed to many things, especially not prostitution. 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In 2002, the US president Bush identified this relationship as merely theoretical and then recognized the concern of public policy and signed a national security directive, which linked human trafficking to terrorism and other insecuritiesRead MoreHuman Trafficking And The Terrorism2321 Words   |  10 Pageshave been establishments between crimes that are not associated with the security of the country and that of national security. Indeed, human trafficking crime has been added recently to the list of crimes that are been studied for implications of national security. In 2002, the US president Bush identified this relationship as merely theoretical and then recognized the concern of public policy and signed a national security directive, which linked human trafficking to terrorism and other insecurities

Ubiquitous Sensing For Smart Transport - 1442 Words

Ubiquitous sensing for smart transport Smartphones as accidents detection and tracking system in Intelligent Transportation System Architecture Hiten Karamchandani, Student ID: 16933196 AUT, Software Architecture Auckland, New Zealand hiten.karamchandani@gmail.com Harika Kalavendi, Student ID: 16935212 AUT, Software Architecture Auckland, New Zealand mharika.87@gmail.com Anton Vagin, Student ID: 15903084 AUT, Software Architecture Auckland, New Zealand anton.vagin87@gmail.com Abstract— The Ubiquitous systems are very popular in the young groups of people and this group of the population is the leading one in road crashes all over the world. The correct application for smartphones, which can provide instant information about accidents such as location, time, a number of injured people, etc. to emergency services, with a good advertisement, can change this statistic. Today people are often distracted from their surroundings and pay less attention to each other. 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Marketing Lamy free essay sample

Marketing Case Study Lamy Case Study Analysis of Marketing Strategies Segmentation Lamy is acting very successful in their core business of writing instruments. Their relevant market is separated into 50 % of fountain pens and the other half of ballpoint pens and others. The demographic customer aspects are especially focused on age. The initial writing target group represents children between five and seven years. In addition the advanced writing target group include young and schoolchildren. The last target group of adults is concentrated on personal accessory and design.The aspects of income and profession also seems to play an important part of market segmentation. Lamy sells pens from 4â‚ ¬ to 400â‚ ¬ in public and thus covers all target groups of the society, from manager and office employees to a normal housewife. Above of all, the fountain pain is seen as an status symbol for most of the adult users. Therefore people with a higher income would prefer to buy a very exclusive fountain pen to impress their environment with high quality and exceptional design. Noticeable is, that business people emphasize to sign contracts or other important documents with special fountain pens.For this segment Lamy offers exclusive pens, with high quality and unique design which are oriented on individuals and their imagination of shape and function. For example the Lamy Al-Star, a pen made entirely of aluminium operate such professions like manager. The pen is sturdy and has the imagination of strength and power, features that are very important for successful business people. To be sure Lamy has no explicit segmentation of gender. But if we look on the latest product, the Lamy Accent, a pen with interchangeable grip and various shapes and colours we can possibly say this product respond the female segment.Women have an awareness of colours and various shapes. They can try a lot of grips to find their appropriate one and â€Å"play† with colours. Therefore this product is not only a writing instrument, but also a fashionable accessory for women. Lamy has no geographic segments for example region or country. It? s impossible to try to segment consumers in geographic aspects. There is no region or country which write more or less than the other. As well Lamy has no psychographic segmentation. We can not define people in groups who use Lamy pens because of their lifestyle or the same shared values.Pens are often seen as an routine purchase especially for schoolchildren, so a lifestyle segmentation would be not suitable for Lamy. If we focus on the behavioural aspects of market segmentation, then the benefit oriented strategy represents the important one. Lamy is famous for their quality, brand and design. People who use this pens are normally prefer a higher benefit, not only in writing but also in high quality and distinguishable design otherwise they would buy pens in a lower price segment and with a lower quality.Lamy has created a brand awareness and an brand image, thus consumers with a high brand awareness would prefer Lamy products. According to this, adults buy Lamy pens not only for their own usage but also for their children. Although most of today? s communication is no longer in handwriting, pens usage is frequently and people will always use pens, also in future. Handwriting will always be relevant and important, because each of us write letters in a different way. Sometimes we can see a persons personality from his or her writing style.This unique feature does not exist by writing on a computer. This behavioural aspect will tend people to buy pens. A price oriented strategy mean, that Lamy have to offer their products to the lowest price as their competitors. The quality would play a minor part. But the behavioural aspects of consumers would not allow Lamy to choose another strategy. With the price oriented strategy the brand image would be lost and thus the brand awareness of consumers. As we could see from the segmentation mentioned above, Lamy is successful with their current strategy and should keep it.Market Penetration The main goal of Lamy is continuously to grow and to find new niches. Therefore Lamy has doubled their sales figures to increase sells and find new users for their pens. This penetration strategy is very successful because of a good profitability and an increased turnover since the last few years. The current products and market still grow, although there is a reluctance on consumption in Germany. They should go on with this strategy, which has proved to be successful. Since 1998 they have a market share in Germany of 35% and steel see grow potential in European markets, USA ans Asia.With intensive promotion and advertising especially one month before enrolment and one month afterwards they can generate higher revenues. In this period they can convince parents to by Lamy pens for their children and further find new consumers. In the higher price segment they can find new users while bundling products. Lamy can sell the Lamy Al-Star with high quality suitcases like Rimowa or briefcase. Both the Rimowa suitcase and the Lamy Al-Star are sturdy and communicate the impression of success.The exclusive brand will be emphasized and indeed bought by people like business women or men and by users who appreciate high quality and design. To underline, only special users with high income can afford Lamy pens over 300â‚ ¬ , some of them are collectors, others only by to impress their environment. For such people the purchase will be unique. Therefore Lamy have to sell their pens in special retailer shops. Market Development The family business is famous for their innovation and high expenditures in RD. To remain competitive Lamy create fountain pens with unique shape and function to establish new markets. The Lamy Safari pen targeted the segment of ten and fifteen year old schoolchildren and consequently created a market which did not exist before. With innovations like stainless steel or anti-slipping grip Lamy has achieved a breakthrough in the market of writing instruments. Because of the corporate work with international freelance designers Lamy is steel able to find new markets. The international designers can justify their ideas on markets like Asia or USA and create pens, which correspond with the beliefs of people in this areas.Therefore Lamy did not get stuck with their design, but rather get new ideas and creativity from designers all over the world. This thought of modern world combined with writing instruments make Lamy possible to enter new markets and to grow. For that reason Lamy of course should keep and promote the corporate work with the international designers. The US market is nearly exhausted and there are definitely great producers of writing instruments with a high quality, too. Thus Lamy had to struggle with a fierce competition. According to that, it is not required to concentrate their activity on the US market.Lamy? s greatest potential exist on the European and Asia market. The company should locally corporate with speciality retailers and market their brand image. Furthermore they should not only concentrate their business on schoolchildren, but also actively invest into segments of users over fourteen and fifteen. In this target group they can gain their users over with special design and high quality. Product Development As already mentioned Lamy is very innovative and try to extend their product range. They offer an assortment of pens with different shapes and function, for example the Lamy Accent.The latest product consist of several variation in shapes and colours. Lamy always creates a pen which is not only a normal writing instrument, but also an experience while writing. They try to design something new and make a pen more attractive to people. Therefore the RD expenditure are very high but the investments are paid off. To remain competitive Lamy has to be innovative and dynamic. It is hard to compete with the internet and the latest techniques like the touchscreen, because many people think fountain pens are oldfashioned. But at school they will always be standard to promote Handwriting.Thus Lamy concentrate on design and tries to answer the expectation of their consumers. Analysis of Marketing Mix (4 Ps) Product As most of today? s communication is no longer in handwriting, Lamy should extend their product range to be also competitive with the dynamic computer- and mobile industry. First of all they should produce a professional pen which is suitable for touchscreens of the latest mobile phones or the new Apple iPad. Moreover they should try to corporate with the computer industry like Apple, consequently this corporation could open Lamy new possibilities.The new professional pen for touchscreens could be sold together with the Apple iPhone or iPad. It would definitely increase their publicity and create stronger brand awareness as Apple also stands for unique design, quality and innovation like Lamy. The positive benefit for people who use this pen would be a touchscreen out of fingerprints. Also it is possible to produce a multi-pen for the target group of ten to eighteen years old schoolchildren. On the one side of the multi-pen, there could be a normal fountain pen and on the other side a ink eraser.Thus the user have two instruments in one multi-pen and have to by only one, but get to functions of it. The sturdy and anti-slipping grip from the Lamy Safary pen could be maintained. Furthermore Lamy could extend their product range by pencil cases. Then they would not only have a depth product range but also a width. The Lamy designers also could expend their work on pencil cases and launch a new pencil case design. But in this case the attention should be paid on the manufacture. As Lamy has only one factory for the production teps of pens, they had to buy new plants or had to employed seamstresses which could cause a reorganization of the whole factory. But otherwise the turnover would be increased and Lamy pens and cases would be bundled and sold together. The other possibility would be, to outsource the production of pens cases and sell them under the name of Lamy. But the problem is, that Lamy prefer to remain their production under the complete control. And it would be questionable if the design and the quality would be met the high expectations of Lamy.If not, the brand image and brand awareness of Lamy products would be lost as the consumers always will associate Lamy with a high quality and design, which should be maintained. Price Lamy should keep it? s strategy of offering brands in different price segments, thus the complete target groups are covered. The cost effectiveness of Lamy is very good. The price for professional pens for touchscreens should start by 15â‚ ¬ upwards. Apple touch pens consequently will have a higher price, to show the high quality and to enunciate the unique brand of both.If Lamy also extend their product range by pens cases, they could combine pens and cases and sell them to a single price = â€Å"price bundling†. Thereby consumers will save money. Lamy could afford rebates before enrolment and few days after on writing instruments or sell two pens to a single price. Lamy should avoid rebates on products of the higher price segment, thus the pens will go down in value. Primarily because consumers are willing to pay a higher price for the pens. In my opinion the price of the Lamy Safari pen of 19 DM was very high, considering that it was a pen for schoolchildren.A number of parents were not capable to afford this pens for their children. But in fact Lamy found a new market which did not exist before and in this case the price was probably appropriate. Distribution Lamy? s distribution approach seems to be very successful, they are selling to speciality retailers, the main channel of this industry. Pens are sold to retailers of stationary stores like â€Å"Staples† or stores only for office equipment. Exclusive fountain pens are sold to special retailers and normally are not available in the internet shops, but only in selected stores.Finally the retailers sell Lamy pens to end-users like companies and normal consumers. Lamy has no own stores but distribute their products only to retailers. These days a lot of products are sold in internet shops and thus Lamy pens, too. Especially companies could make their purchase of office equipment conveniently through the internet shop. Lamy pens are always available in each stationary store. As a distribution strategy the company has doubled their sales figures to reach more end-users and to corporate with more retailers.This enables Lamy to sell their products almost anywhere. Lamy could distribute the touch pens in stores like â€Å"Media Markt† or Vodafone shops. In that case the provided equipment and the touch pens will be sold together. I also recommend to sell exclusive fountain pens direct to consumers. Thus the pens could be produced on order and Lamy save costs which occur by working with intermediaries. According to this Lamy could establish their own shop window beside the factory. Communication As Lamy has different target groups, they also have to be advertised in a different way.Brochures from retailers could be directly send to consumers and respond to schoolchildren especially before enrolment. Pens that more respond to business people should be advertised in the print media like â€Å"focus† or other business magazines. Also they should advertise with placards on retailer stores to steer the attention of the consumers on their products. The new touch pen of Lamy should be promoted direct to consumers in stores like Vodafone where sales persons can show them how this pen operates and which benefits occur by using a Lamy touch pen. Also it is possible to make a promotion together with a book store. Lamy could promote the idea of inspiration by using it? s fountain pens. Most of all the attention of creative people would be called. Product placement is not suitable for Lamy as an communication instrument, as the brand will not be recognized by people for example in movies. The products are to small to place them in a movie. Online shops should advertise with banner for the Lamy products to call peoples attention for innovative pens like the Lamy Accent. Special features like the interchangeable grip should have the priority when advertising, to show people the uniqueness of the brand.